**Lesson Plan: Prevocational Studies for Primary 6**
**Topic: Preservation of Fruits and Basic Stitches**
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### **Lesson Objectives:**
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:
1. Understand and explain the importance of fruit preservation.
2. Identify different methods of fruit preservation.
3. Describe the steps involved in preserving fruits.
4. Demonstrate basic stitches for sewing.
### **Materials Needed:**
- Fresh fruits (e.g., apples, mangoes, bananas)
- Jars with lids
- Salt, sugar, vinegar, lemon juice
- Clean cloth
- Needle and thread
- Fabric pieces
- Cutting board and knife
- Chart paper and markers
- Visual aids or posters showing different preservation methods and basic stitches
### **Introduction (10 minutes):**
1. **Greeting and Settling Down (2 minutes):** Greet the students and take attendance.
2. **Introduction to the Topic (3 minutes):** Briefly introduce the topic. Explain that the lesson will cover two main areas — how to preserve fruits and mastering some basic sewing stitches.
3. **Engagement Question (5 minutes):** Ask students if they have ever seen their parents or guardians preserving fruits or sewing. Encourage them to share their experiences.
### **Lesson Development:**
**Part 1: Preservation of Fruits (30 minutes)**
1. **Importance of Preservation (5 minutes):** Explain why it is important to preserve fruits (to prevent spoilage, extend shelf life, and maintain nutritional value).
2. **Methods of Preservation (10 minutes):**
- **Drying:** Explain and demonstrate how fruits can be dried in the sun.
- **Canning:** Show how fruits can be canned in jars.
- **Salting and Sugaring:** Explain how salt and sugar can be used to preserve fruits.
- **Pickling:** Demonstrate how vinegar and spices are used to pickle fruits.
3. **Steps to Preserve Fruits (10 minutes):**
- **Preparation:** Wash and peel the fruits.
- **Preservation Process:** Demonstrate one method (e.g., canning) step by step.
- Emphasize the importance of cleanliness and proper handling.
4. **Activity - Preservation Practice (5 minutes):** Divide students into small groups and let them try to prepare fruits for preservation (e.g., slicing and placing them in jars with a preservative).
**Part 2: Basic Stitches in Sewing (30 minutes)**
1. **Introduction to Basic Stitches (5 minutes):**
- Show pictures and examples of basic stitches (running stitch, backstitch, and blanket stitch).
2. **Demonstration of Basic Stitches (10 minutes):**
- **Running Stitch:** Demonstrate how to make a running stitch on a fabric piece.
- **Backstitch:** Show how to create a backstitch.
- **Blanket Stitch:** Explain and demonstrate the blanket stitch.
3. **Hands-On Practice (15 minutes):**
- Provide needles, thread, and small fabric pieces to each student.
- Guide them as they practice each stitch. Move around the classroom to assist and give feedback.
### **Conclusion (10 minutes):**
1. **Recap (5 minutes):** Review the key points covered in the lesson (fruit preservation methods and basic stitches).
2. **Q&A (3 minutes):** Allow students to ask questions and provide clarifications.
3. **Homework Assignment (2 minutes):**
- Preservation: Students to find out and write down any fruit preservation methods used at home or in their community.
- Sewing: Practice the basic stitches at home and bring a small sample to the next class.
### **Assessment:**
- **Formative Assessment:** Observe students during activities to gauge their understanding and skill levels.
- **Summative Assessment:** Evaluate their homework samples and their ability to explain the preservation methods and demonstrate the basic stitches.
### **Wrap-Up:**
Thank the students for their participation and remind them to practice at home. End the class on a positive note and dismiss the students.
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**Note to Teacher:** Use visual aids and hands-on demonstrations to make the lesson more engaging and effective. Encourage students to share their work and experiences to foster a collaborative learning environment.